CANON SUBORDINATION — this document is PROPOSAL-TIER: it serves canon and never outranks it.
The canon: the CVD · the T1 foundation docs · the T0 registries (registries/) · the spine
(docs/spine/CH_*.md) · the region pages (_source/02_Tier_2_Region_Pages/). Authority order: docs/DOC_MAP.md § 0.
Canon served (scanned from this document's own citations — widen it by hand where it is thin):
_source/02_Tier_2_Region_Pages/bali.md
READ THAT CANON FIRST — open it and derive from it before you build anything from this document.
If this document disagrees with canon, CANON WINS and this document is the defect — fix the
document, never the canon. Nothing here is applied until it is ratified into canon.
GENERATED by harness/rag/deep_read.py merge — a regenerable view over docs/book_extractions/EXR_*.json. Do NOT hand-edit: audit and ratification work lands downstream (§7.5 seed typing / §8.8 cultural-authenticity audit / the owner lane), never here. Every row is PROPOSAL-TIER; ratified-only enters build packs.
16 builders-of-knowledge L2 marks for the region-page/RCM verified-canon lane (the critic-gated authoring pass that owns the page's marks material).
[EXR_SRC_00157] (L2) The subak: a cooperative, multi-level water-temple irrigation system that governs the terraced volcanic hills through shared allocation and ritual scheduling — collective-action engineering, not a single ruler's hydraulics.
citations: [p. 2]
care_note: A living, UNESCO-recognised achievement; render as attested engineering and governance.
[EXR_SRC_00157] (L2) Pattern-welded pamor steel: crucible-reduced iron laminated with nickel/meteoric-iron alloy and etched to reveal powered designs — a sophisticated pre-industrial metallurgy with a 116-design pattern vocabulary.
citations: [p. 152-153]
[EXR_SRC_00157] (L2) The Pawukon/Saka calendrics: ten interlocking week-cycles yielding 55 day-names with regular conjunction intervals, plus a lunar intercalation accurate to ~0.002% — real combinatorial and astronomical mathematics.
citations: [p. 162-177]
[EXR_SRC_00157] (L2) Asta kosala kosali: a traditional architecture in which every building's proportions are set from the head-of-household's own body measurements (finger, foot, arm-span) — an anthropometric building system administered by the undagi.
citations: [p. 9]
[EXR_SRC_00157] (L2) The lontar palm-leaf manuscript tradition: sacred and technical knowledge (the epics, medicine/usada, calendrics, kris-lore, clan histories) inscribed on treated palm leaf in Balinese script and continually recopied against the humid climate's decay.
citations: [p. 129-130]
[EXR_SRC_00157] (L2) Balinese usada herbal medicine: a materia medica of leaf/bark/root/seed preparations (drunk as loloh, smeared as boreh) with household 'living-drugstore' herb gardens — an organised ethnobotanical medical practice.
citations: [p. 130-131]
[EXR_SRC_00157] (L2) Bronze gamelan casting and tuning: copper-tin alloy forged and cast into keys and gongs, then tuned in deliberately-mistuned pairs to engineer the ombak beat-note — a metallurgical and acoustic craft passed through generations of instrument-makers.
citations: [p. 319-320]; [p. 316-317]
[EXR_SRC_00157] (L2) The three-register Balinese language: low, medium and high speech levels drawn from two distinct linguistic origins, deployed by caste, context and sanctity — a structured sociolinguistic system the dalang must master across all three plus Kawi.
citations: [p. 7]; [p. 304]
[EXR_SRC_00251] (L2) Proportional irrigation dividers (tektek): stone flow-splitters engineered so anyone can verify at a glance that each canal receives its agreed share, enforcing a just water schedule across a whole watershed.
citations: p. II-5 (proportional irrigation dividers 'to tell at a glance how much water is flowing into each canal')
[EXR_SRC_00251] (L2) Boundary-crossing irrigation tunnels: man-high tunnels angled through the volcanic ridges to deliver small quantities of water with astonishing accuracy to terraces kilometres from the source; irrigation-tunnel engineers (undagi aungan) are attested as paid specialists in the AD 896 Bebetin inscription.
citations: p. II-3 (tunnels angling sidewise, emerging a kilometre or more downslope); p. II-54/II-56 (undagi aungan tunnel engineers in the 896 AD inscription; sawah in 1022)
[EXR_SRC_00251] (L2) Large indigenous storage dams: earthen prise-d'eau dams up to 35-40 m high with overflow canals (e.g. the Pejeng dam and the ~40 m Badung dam), built by subak labor to bank dry-season water.
citations: p. II-73 (dams up to 35 m in Gianyar); p. II-74 (the ~40 m earthen dam of Badung serving 478 bouw of sawah)
[EXR_SRC_00251] (L2) Self-governing democratic irrigation law: the subaks are specialized institutions with written legal codes (awig-awig) detailing water rights and responsibilities, cross-cutting village boundaries by the 11th century.
citations: p. II-2 (awig-awig written legal codes); p. II-55 (kasuwakan jurisdictions cross-cut villages by the 11th century)
[EXR_SRC_00251] (L2) Watershed-scale cooperative governance: a nested hierarchy of water temples coordinates hundreds of subaks (250+ under the supreme Pura Ulun Danu Batur) to manage a whole ecosystem of lakes, forests, rivers, springs and terraces.
citations: p. II-7 (250+ subaks in the supreme temple's congregation); p. II-8 (subaks connected via water-temple networks into functional hierarchies managing the landscape at multiple scales)
[EXR_SRC_00251] (L2) Native Balinese rice husbandry: distinct red, white and black local rice varieties grown by traditional and organic methods, with documented ~10% yield gains and doubled soil organic matter under revived organic cultivation.
citations: p. II-38 (red, white and black local rice varieties in Tabanan); p. II-47/II-48 (Somya Pertiwi organic revival; ~10% yield increase; soil organic matter doubled)
[EXR_SRC_00251] (L2) A deep royal-inscription record and rice-keyed calendar: dated Old Balinese royal inscriptions from AD 882 (Sukawana, mentioning irrigated fields) and AD 896 (tunnel engineers) through the 962 AD Tirta Empul stone and the 1071 first appearance of 'subak', with a time-reckoning system keyed to the rice-growth cycle.
citations: p. II-54/II-55 (Sukawana AD 882; Bebetin AD 896; Batuan AD 1022; Pandak Bandung 1071); p. II-4 (Balinese time-reckoning keyed to the rice growth cycle)
[EXR_SRC_00482] (L2) Balinese wet-rice irrigation civilization built on the island's volcanic-slope hydrology - the superb natural drainage and seasonally stable water of the volcanic slopes made technically reliable, terraced irrigation possible, the geological basis of the subak landscape.
citations: p. 5 ("The rich volcanic slopes, with their superb drainage and climate, made irrigation both technically possible and seasonally stable in Bali")
care_note: This book frames the LATER, colonial-scale agricultural expansion as a habitat-destroying force; the civilizational mark is the indigenous volcanic-slope irrigation base, distinct from the colonial intensification that fragmented the forest. Do not conflate the two. The fuller subak achievement is documented in SRC_00251 (UNESCO dossier).
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